C60 Transmission Build
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| Toyota C60 six speed manual transmission |
A 2ZZ-GE C60 Transmission
The Toyota C60 transmission is a popular six-speed manual upgrade for high-revving Toyota engines like the 2ZZ-GE. This guide covers how to build a high-performance C60 transmission for street or track use, including gear upgrades, LSD options, clutch selection, cooling, and reliability considerations.
Why the C60 Is Popular for Performance Builds
Building a high-performance C60 transmission paired with a 2ZZ-GE engine is a popular upgrade for enthusiasts seeking a reliable yet potent drivetrain setup for both street and occasional track use. The C60 transmission, commonly found in vehicles like the Toyota Celica GT-S and Lotus Elise, is a robust 6-speed gearbox that complements the high-revving nature of the 2ZZ-GE engine. This 1.8-liter engine is well-known for its VVTL-i system and ability to rev beyond 8,000 rpm, making the right transmission upgrades essential for maximizing performance without sacrificing reliability or road legality.
Start With a Solid C60 Core
The first step in building this transmission involves starting with a solid core, ideally from a late-model donor due to improved internal components like better synchronizers. For serious performance, many builders opt for aftermarket gear sets. Brands such as PPG or MFactory offer stronger, either straight-cut or helical gear options that handle higher torque and provide more precise engagement. While straight-cut gears offer minimal friction and faster shifting, they are significantly noisier, making them better suited for track-focused builds rather than daily street use.
Limited Slip Differential (LSD) Options
To improve traction and cornering performance, installing a limited-slip differential (LSD) is highly recommended. A helical LSD, such as those from Quaife or MFactory, offers a maintenance-free solution that’s smooth and effective for daily driving. Alternatively, clutch-type LSDs, such as those by Cusco or Kaaz, provide aggressive locking ideal for track conditions but can introduce extra noise and wear, making them less suitable for full-time street use. This choice will heavily depend on how the car is driven on a day-to-day basis.
Synchronizers & Shifting Improvements
Transmission shifting quality is another critical area. Replacing worn synchros with carbon-lined or brass alternatives, like those from Synchrotech, significantly improves high-rpm shifting reliability. Supporting modifications such as solid shifter bushings, short-throw shifters, and upgraded cables enhance precision and shift feel. These changes, while seemingly minor, make a major difference in spirited driving and are vital for maintaining drivability under stress.
Clutch and Flywheel Setup
Additionally, a performance clutch and lightweight flywheel are necessary to support the powerband of the 2ZZ-GE. A clutch from ACT or Exedy rated for your power level ensures consistent engagement, while a lightweight flywheel reduces rotational mass, allowing the engine to rev more freely. Pairing these with high-quality synthetic gear oil such as Red Line MT-90 or Motul Gear 300 helps reduce wear and improves shifting smoothness, important for both longevity and daily usability. For those planning to track their vehicle, a transmission cooler or heat-dissipating fins are worth considering.
Final Thoughts
Finally, keeping the setup road legal involves practical choices. Components must not excessively increase noise, remove emissions equipment, or disable required functions like speedometers and reverse lights. Clean installation, proper mounting, and emissions-compliant parts are essential to pass inspections and maintain street legality. With careful planning and the right components, the C60-2ZZGE combination can deliver thrilling performance while remaining fully compliant for road use.
Start with a Solid C60 Core
Make sure your C60 transmission is from a reliable donor. Ideally, choose a late-model version (e.g., post-2003 Celica GT-S or Lotus Elise S2) due to improved synchros.
Upgrade Gear Set (Optional but Powerful)
Aftermarket straight-cut or helical gears (e.g., PPG, MFactory, or Kaaz) increase strength and reduce gear failure under hard shifts.
Consider shorter ratios for track or autocross, or taller 6th gear for highway use.
Limited Slip Differential (LSD)
Helical LSD (e.g., Quaife, MFactory) is great for street/track with minimal maintenance.
Clutch-type LSD (e.g., Cusco, Kaaz) offers superior locking but requires servicing and can be noisy.
Synchronizer & Shift Improvement
Carbon or brass synchros (e.g., Synchrotech) greatly improve high-rpm shifting.
Solid shifter bushings, short-throw shifter, and stiffened shift cables improve feel and precision.
Verify condition of shift forks, detents, and bearings.
Clutch and Flywheel Setup
Choose a lightweight flywheel (around 10–12 lbs) for faster rev-matching.
Use a high-performance clutch rated for 200–300+ ft-lb depending on your power level (e.g., Exedy, ACT, Clutchmasters).
Make sure the setup remains streetable, especially if you're driving in traffic (avoid overly aggressive puck clutches unless needed).
Transmission Cooling and Reliability
Install a transmission cooler or heat sink fins if you're tracking the car.
Use high-quality GL-4 synthetic gear oil (e.g., Red Line MT-90, Motul Gear 300) for better shift performance and wear protection.
Legal and Practical Considerations (Road Legal)
Ensure the exhaust, intake, and ECU remain emissions-compliant (e.g., CARB legal in California).
Avoid excessively noisy LSDs or straight-cut gears if you want to stay civil on the street.
Keep reverse lockout, speedometer, and gear indicators functional (especially for inspections or safety checks).
Mounting and wiring must be tidy—avoid exposed wiring or hacked mounts.
Sample Parts List for a High-Performance C60
Gear Set
MFactory Helical Gears
LSD
Quaife QDF9U
Synchros Synchrotech Carbon Synchros
Clutch ACT HD Clutch Kit (Street/Strip)
Flywheel
Fidanza 9.5 lb Aluminum Flywheel
Shifter
TWM Short Shifter + Base Bushings
Transmission Fluid
Red Line MT-90 or Motul Gear 300
Heat kills transmissions – install thermal protection if you're pushing limits.
If you're boosted or over 250whp, consider cryo-treating gears or reinforcing the case.
Match final drive ratio to tire size and use case (e.g., 4.5 for circuit; 4.1 for street).
Every motor and transmission has a weakness. It is very important to address your motor and transmission for weaknesses before modifying them.
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